The Briley Brothers Killing Spree

In 1979, Brothers Linwood Briley, James Briley Jr., and Ray Briley went on a seven-month  killing spree  in their hometown of Richmond, Virginia. When they were finally caught, there were 11 people dead, although investigators believed that there were as 20 victims. Childhood Years James and Bertha Briley were a hard-working couple when their first child, Linwood Earl Briley, was born in 1995.  Their second child, James Dyral Briley, Jr. was born about 18 months later followed by their youngest and last child, Anthony Ray Briley. From the outside looking in, the Briley family seemed well adjusted and happy. They lived in a nice two-story home located on Fourth Avenue in downtown Richmond. Unlike a lot of kids their age, the Briley boys came from an unbroken home where both parents were directly involved with their lives. Helping Hands During their preteen years, the boys would lend a hand to some of their senior neighbors by helping tend to their yards or help start a car.  The general consensus around the neighborhood was that the brothers were polite, helpful and all around good kids. That same opinion was not shared by their schoolmates. At school, the brothers harassed and bullied the other kids. The brothers seemed indifferent towards adult authority and would tend to ignore  whatever the punishment  was that was handed out by a teacher or the principle. But when they got home, their father James Sr., was clearly the one in charge and managed to invoke a level of fear in his sons. Bertha Moves Away   The Briley brothers had two major interests. They enjoyed collecting exotic spiders and snakes like tarantulas, piranhas, and boa constrictors and they habitually cut and saved newspaper stories about gang activity.   When the boys reached their teenage years, Bertha and James split up and she moved away. The split was apparently  amicable  and without drama. It was also during this time that James Sr. was weighed down with growing concerns about how Linwood was acting and the influence he had over the other boys. He developed a sense of fear of his sons. Worried for his own safety,  he began locking his bedroom door at night from the inside with a deadbolt.   Orline Christian On January 28, 1971, Linwood Briley was 16 years old and home alone, when he saw his neighbor,  57-year-old Orline Christian, outside hanging up her laundry. For no apparent reason, Linwood got a rifle from the closet, aimed it out his second-floor bedroom window towards Christian, and pulled the trigger,  fatally shooting  Christian. Somehow no one noticed that she had a gunshot wound in her back and it was assumed that stress led to her death after having recently buried her husband. Then during a viewing her body, some of her relatives noticed a spot of blood on her dress. Curious as to why the family asked for a second examination. It was during the second examination that a bullet was found lodged in her back and a murder investigation was opened. An investigation of the murder scene led the police straight to Linwoods bedroom window. A search of the house produced the murder weapon. With the solid evidence staring him in the face, Linwood confessed to the murder.  In a flat, unemotional voice, the 16-year old said to the detective:  I heard she had heart problems, she would have died soon anyway. Linwood was found guilty and sentenced to one year in reform school. The Murder Spree Begins In March 1979, the Briley gang had a plan to do a series of random burglaries and home invasions. The plan was that the group would get in and out fast and not leave any witnesses alive. William and Virginia Bucher March 12, 1979- The Briley gang went to  Henrico County and randomly selected the  home of William and Virginia Bucher. Linwood knocked on the Buchers door, and when William answered it Linwood claimed that he had car trouble and needed to borrow a phone to call Triple A. Williams said he would make the call and asked Linwood for his Triple-A card, but when he opened the screen door to get the card, Linwood rushed towards him and forced his way into the house. The rest of the gang followed behind Linwood and they took control of William and Virginia and tied them up in separate rooms. They then went through each room and took any valuable that they wanted and saturated the rooms with kerosene. When they were finished stealing what they wanted, Linwood poured kerosene all over Williams legs, then lit a match as he was leaving the house. The Buchers were left tied up inside to burn to death alive. Somehow William Bucher managed to untie himself and he was able to get himself and his wife to safety. The Buchers are the only known victims of the Briley gang that survived their attack. Michael McDuffie March 21, 1979- Michael McDuffie  was the victim of a home invasion. The Briley gang forced themselves into his home, assaulted McDuffie and robbed the home and then shot McDuffie to death. Mary Gowen April 9, 1979 - Mary Gowen was walking home from a babysitting job when the Briley gang spotted her and followed her to her home. They then forced their way into her home and beat, robbed and raped her repeatedly, then shot her in the head. The 76-year-old woman managed to survive the attack, but fell into a coma the next day and died a few weeks later. Christopher Philips July 4, 1979 -  Christopher Philips, age 17, lingered around Linwoods car a minute too long. Assuming that he was planning on stealing it, the Bailey brothers forced the boy to a field where they beat and kicked him and then Linwood killed him by crushing his head with a  cinderblock. Johnny G. Gallaher   September 14, 1979 - Popular disc jockey John Johnny G. Gallaher was playing in a band at a nightclub when he went outside during a break. The Briley gang saw him and forced him into the trunk of his  Lincoln Continental, then drove to an old paper mill out by the James River. Gallaher was pulled from the trunk, robbed and shot in the head at close range. His body was discovered floating in the river two days later. Mary Wilfong September 30, 1979 - Mary Wilfong, age 62, was working as a private nurse when the Briley gang saw her and followed her home. Just as she was about to enter her apartment, the Brileys assaulted her, then beat her to death with a baseball bat, after which they burglarized her apartment. Blanche Page and Charles Garner October 5, 1979 - On Fourth Avenue, not far from the Briley home, the brothers  assaulted  then  bludgeoned to death 79-year-old Blanche Page, then beat and stabbed to death her boarder, 59-year old Charles Garner. According to investigators, the beating and murder of Garner was one of the most brutal that the investigators had ever seen. The Wilkersons October 19, 1979 -  Harvey Wilkerson and his wife, 23-year-old Judy Barton and her five-year-old son lived around the corner from the Brileys home. Wilkerson and the Briley brothers had known each other for years and were friends. The four would often talk about snakes since, like the Briley brothers, Wilkerson also owned pet snakes.   On October 19, the Brileys were in a celebratory mood. J.B., the middle brother, had been paroled earlier that day. Throughout the day the brothers had been hanging out on Fourth Avenue, drinking and smoking pot, and as night fell they began to talk seriously about finding another victim that night. They decided on Harvey Wilkerson, possibly because they thought he had been dealing drugs and wanted the money or his customers or both. Wilkerson was outside when he saw the Briley brothers and 16-year-old Duncan Meekins headed his way. He went inside and locked the door, but the group kept coming. When they got to Wilkersons apartment, they knocked on the door and despite his fears, Wilkerson opened the door and let them inside. As soon as the gang got inside they began attacking the couple. They bound them with duct tape and gagged them, and then Linwood Briley raped Judy while in close proximity to her son and husband. When he was finished, Meekins, who was considered one the gang, continued to  sexually assault  and sodomize  the pregnant woman. The gang then went through the house and took whatever personal belongs that they wanted. Linwood put J.B. in charge and left the apartment with some of the stolen goods. J.B. told his brother Anthony and Meekins to cover Wilkerson and his wife with sheets. They left 5-year-old Harvey on the couch. J.B. then ordered Meekins to shoot Wilkerson. Meekins grabbed a pillow and shot through it multiple times and killed Wilkerson. J.B. then shot Judy, killing her and her unborn child. Anthony allegedly shot and killed the boy. The Brileys didnt know that the police had the area under  surveillance  and were aware that the gang had gone into Wilkersons apartment. When the police heard gunshots go off, they could not tell where the shooting was coming from and started canvassing the area. They spotted Meekins and two of the Briley brothers leaving Wilkersons apartment. They did not think that it was connected to the gunshots that they heard. Arrest Three days later the police received a request to do a welfare check on Wilkerson and Judy. As they approached the apartment, they found the front door was slightly ajar. Entering the apartment they walked into a macabre scene that, for even hardened police officers, was hard to handle. Apparently, before leaving the apartment the Briley brothers had let loose Wilkersons pet snakes. Also left inside for three days to fend for themselves were two Doberman puppies. Before the forensic team could begin their work, animal control had to come and clear the apartment. But the crime scene was so badly compromised by the puppies that much of the evidence collected was of little value. Having seen the Briley gang leaving the Wilkersons apartment on the day that the Wilkersons were murdered, made them the prime suspects in the murders. An arrest warrant was issued for the three brothers and for Meekins. When the police went to serve the warrants, Linwood, his father and Meekins took off in a car with the police following close behind. Linwood was the driver and he refused to pull over and continued to lead the police down several streets. Concerned about public safety, the police finally decided to force the car into a pole. Once the car crashed, Linwood continued to make run for it but was soon captured. Later, they found out that the other two Briley brothers had turned themselves into the police. Interrogation At this point, the only crimes that the police connected the Bailey brothers to were the Wilkerson murders. With so much tainted evidence, they knew that their best shot for convictions would be if one of them would enter into a plea agreement in exchange for pointing the finger at the killers. Duncan Meekins was just 16 year old and his background did not fit that of a cold-blooded killer. He lived with his parents in a nice home; he was a good student and attended church regularly. With the encouragement of his parents, he accepted a plea deal where he would be given a life sentence with the possibility of parole in exchange for all the details surrounding the crime. If he kept himself out of trouble in prison, he was looking at doing 12 to 15 years behind bars. As agreed, Meekins began talking and not just about the Wilkerson murders. He also provided details about other unsolved murders that had gone on during the worse crime spree that had ever hit Richmond. Prior to Meekins confession, investigators had not connected  what they thought were random acts of crime. The rapes and murders happened in different areas around Richmond. The race, sex and ages of the victims seemed to be random. Victims of serial killers often share a physical quality. Gang-related murders are usually rival gangs. When looking at the people raped and murdered by the Bailey brothers, the only major link that could be found was the brutality and  viciousness that had been shown by the murderers themselves.   Interrogating the Bailey brothers was frustrating. They were arrogant, defiant, and liked to push the patience of the interrogators. When questioning Linwood Bailey about the murder of  Johnny G. Gallaher, he mocked the investigator and told him he would never be convicted of the murder because there was no evidence linking him to it. The investigators then brought in a retired detective to interrogate Linwood. He had been a longtime friend of Gallahers.  As the interview began, the detective noticed Linwood was wearing a  turquoise  ring that belonged to Gallaher and one that he always wore. In fact, the detective had been with his friend when he bought it. With that evidence and more that was slowly uncovered, the Bailey brothers were charged with various crimes and some of the murders. Guilty Linwood Bailey was found guilty and given multiple life sentences and the death penalty for the murder of Gallaher. J.B. Bailey was also given multiple life sentences and two death penalty sentences for the murders of Judy Barton and her son. Anthony Bailey was given a life sentence with a possibility of parole. It could not be proven that he was directly responsible for any murders. Linwood and J.B. Briley  were sent to death row at Mecklenburg Correctional Center. It wasnt long before the pair had profitable drugs and weapons racket going on from the confines of death row. Escape It has been said that Linwood Briley had a certain magnetism about him and the prisoners and some of the guards liked to be on his good side. The guards probably thought it was of little consequence to keep him happy. After all, they were in a prison that had the most sophisticated security system in the state. But Linwood had spent several years paying attention to how things worked, the wording that guards would use when making requests to other prison units, and which guards were the least attentive and those who were friendly towards the inmates. On May 31, 1984, Linwood managed to get a guard to keep the door of the control room opened, just long enough for another inmate to rush in and release the locks on all of the death row cells. This allowed for there to be enough manpower to overtake the 14 guards that were assigned to that block. Ordered to strip down, Linwood, J.B. and four other inmates put on the guards uniforms and after a series of events were able to drive away from the prison in a prison van.   The plan was to go to Canada, but when the escapes reached Philadelphia, the Briley brothers separated from the group and met up with their uncle who had made arrangements for a place for them to stay. The brothers managed to stay free until June 19, 1984, when information retrieved from a wiretap placed on the uncles phone left the authorities to their hiding place. Executions Within months of being returned to prison, both Linwood and James Briley exhausted their appeals and execution dates were set. Linwood Briley was the first to be executed. Depending on which version you read, he either walked to the electric chair without assistance or he had to be sedated and dragged to the chair. Either way, on October 12, 1984, Linwood was executed. James Briley followed in his older brothers path as he had always done and was electrocuted in the same chair that his brother had died in months earlier. On April 18, 1985, James Briley was executed.   Anthony  Briley  remains in a Virginia prison. All efforts for his release have been denied by the parole board.

Women s Rights Of Women - 1159 Words

Women’s Rights is an extremely ethical topic that is surrounded by ethical theories and has a lot of history. While some of the theoretical systems in ethics have helped to gain women their rights, others have assisted in preventing women rights. Women in America have seen much improvement in our modern day society regarding Women’s Rights, but what about the women in less economically stable countries? Women continue to fight against abuse, hatred, and discrimination worldwide. I will be discussing not only Women’s Rights history, but also several theoretical systems and how they have impacted Women’s Rights in America and other countries. Women have fought for equal rights for many centuries. Prior to the twentieth century women in America often stayed home to cook, clean and take care of the children. Women were not given an opinion on the household, they simply did what they were told to do. Women typically did not work or go to school, and were often viewed as domestic beings while men were the head of the house hold. It was not until the late 1800’s, some women were able to volunteer as nurses or housekeepers to help during the Civil War (Sivulka). Women assisted in caring for the injured, as well as cooking meals for the soldiers and doing laundry. Even though the tasks were similar, just feeling needed in another environment other than home was probably fulfilment in itself. After the Civil War, the progress seemed to stall. In fact it was not until about theShow MoreRelatedWomen s Rights Of Women Essay1455 Words   |  6 Pagesa myriad of women have expressed through outlets such as public assemblies, literature, and speeches. There have been three waves of the women’s movement, each targeting a variety of issues within each era. 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In particular, it is still the case the world over that a woman’s reproductive rights, which impact on her right to life, are still seenRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women881 Words   |  4 PagesTwenty –first century ladies are discovering it a daunting task to keep up both sexual orientation parts as an aftereffect of the women s activist development. They are presently assuming liability for both the supplier and the nurturer, battling like never before to acquire and keep a superior personal satisfaction. Woman s rights has supported in equivalent vocation opportunity, battling to get ladies acknowledged into the employment advertise, and what initially began as ladies strengtheningRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women Essay1647 Words   |  7 Pagesthe early 1920’s, women thought they had achieved the unachievable. They could finally work, keep their earned wages, marry whomever they please, and even vote. 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The women that fought for their rights in the 1920s completely changed how women live their livesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1230 Words   |  5 PagesWomen’s suffrage has stretched from the 1800’s to present day, as women have struggled to have the same civil and constitutional rights as men in politics and be appreciated as equals i n the workforce. Groups of women known as suffragists questioned the customary views of women’s roles. Eventually our nation has evolved and realized that male-controlled societies suppress women’s rights. From the beginning steps taken in 1850 to 2013 with women earning combat roles in the military, women’s rolesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1206 Words   |  5 Pagesto speak of women and the role of women in this election, the subject of women is tiresome but necessary in a world where gender is still existent as an obstacle for most. I cannot identify what woman is. I am basing my definition from our modern understanding of woman, our general view, and the popular experience. People are using younger women voting for Bernie Sanders as proof of gender’s irrelevant in this election, that women have achieved their rights. Even if women ‘have rights now’ it doesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1393 Words   |  6 Pages Women all over the world are being treated different than men. Iran is one of the places that women are being treated the worst. From restrictions to punishments, women in Iran are being treated with no respect, and that is not okay. Women’s rights activists have tried to get it to change, and have traveled to many places to try and get more people to join their movement. There are many issues with women not having the same rights as men. One of the main problems is that they are treated lessRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1272 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout history, women have fought a strenuous battle for equal rights. Many men, and even some women, all over the world believe that women do not share the same value and importance to society as men do. On September 5, 1995, Hillary Clinton spoke at the 4th World Conference on Women, on behalf of women all over the world. Clinton raised awareness on how women s rights are being violated and why it is important to recognize women s rights as equal to everyone else’s rights. Even today, in 2016Read MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe family has traditionally been the basic unit of Chinese society where women have long been charged with upholding society s values in their roles as wives and mothers. Especially in the Qing Dynasty, women were required to balance society s i deals with the reality of raising a family and maintaining a household. Throughout the imperial period and into the beginning of the twentieth century, the relationship among family members was prescribed by Confucian teachings. The revered philosopher

Organizational Behaviour for Development- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Differences between trait and behaviour theories of leadership? Are the theories valid? Answer: According to this given YouTube video, trait-based theory of leadership states that leaders are born with effective leadership skills (Christianity 9 to 5, 2013). Leaders have inborn traits that manifest themselves through the leadership process of the one in the leadership position. On the other hand, the behavioral theory of leadership argue that an individual can be trained to become an effective leader. An individual can be trained according to the organizations style and expectation to foster the achievement of the laid down goals and objectives. Another difference between trait and behavioral leadership theory is that in trait based leaders have unique traits that distinguish them from their followers (Christianity 9 to 5, 2013). On the other hand, behavioral theory of leadership argues that leadership skills are acquired over a period. In this regard, even a subordinate can acquire effective leadership skills through apprenticeship. To achieve this, the individual in the leadership position must ensure a proper environment that enhances the learning process. Based on the information on the video, it is suffice to state that these theories have some valid arguments, for example, in the trait-based leadership, natural traits like boldness and assertiveness are vital in successful leadership. Equally, behavioral theory of leadership has a valid argument that leadership skills such as effective communication skills can be acquired through training. However, the two leadership theories have weaknesses, for example, the trait-based theory of leadership does not provide a clear distinction between effective and ineffective leaders. How can organisations select and develop effective leaders? Provide 1 example. Organization employ different types of strategies to identify and develop effective leaders. One of the most common method of identifying a leader within an organizational setting is by examining the communication skills of employees. Individuals with effective communication skills can make an effective leader (Yukl, 2010). Another method of identifying a leader is by observing the teamwork skills of an individual. An employee who exhibit the effective skills of mobilizing his colleagues to work together towards the achievement of the laid down objective can make an effective leader. The third way of identifying a leader is by examining the problem-solving skills of an individual. Employees who are very active in finding solutions to the issues affecting the organization are potential leaders. After identifying potential leaders, organizations utilize the following strategies to develop them into effective leaders. Workshop and seminars: Potential leaders are taken to leadership seminars and workshops to undergo training on effective leadership skills (Yukl, 2010). Apprenticeship: Potential leaders are recruited in the leadership team so that they can learn from their seniors. Mentoring: Potential leaders are assigned to specific leaders who mentor them to acquire effective skills of leadership. Companies motivate their employees using different strategies as follows: Employee recognition: Organizations motivate their employees through employee recognition strategies such as rewarding them with certificates of merit for their excellent performance on organizational tasks (Wireman, 2010). This practice inspires employees across all departments to achieve their deliverables and this ensures increased organizational output. Salary increment: Employees are motivated by the fact that they will receive salary increment or bonuses for achieving particular milestones within the organization (Anis, Rehman, Nasir, Sawfan, 2011). This ensures commitment and dedication towards the organizational goals and objectives. Employee promotion: Being promoted to a higher rank is a sure motivational factor that elicits commitment and dedication within an organizational setting. Therefore, organizational managers set standards to be met to receive promotion. Provision of feedback: Employers also motivate their employees by providing them with positive and critical feedback regarding their performance (Wireman, 2010). This helps an employee to identify his strengths and weaknesses, and hence, works towards enhancing the weaknesses. The film Golden Eye (1950) by Campbell is one of the Jame Bond films that I recently watched and enjoyed. While I was impressed by with the theme of betrayal between James Bond and Trevelyan, his former partner, my friend Peterson was not impressed with the gender discrimination and stereotyping that was depicted in the film. In this film, the film brings out the role of women as assistant character to men. For instance, Natalya (a female) takes the role of an aid to James Bond in his mission to Cuba. Besides, Onatopp helps play a subordinate role to Ourumov. Sexism is also clear in the film due to the representation of women as sex objects. Numerous scenes in the film show images of naked women who are referred to as bitch or ass. (Campbell, 1995). The subordination of women in the film disappointed Peterson especially due to the modern society where gender equality is an issue that is affecting organizational performance. Why Dont Teams Work Like they are supposed to? Team work is one of the vital aspects that most businesses, firms, and organizations strive to h embrace in their undertakings. Most Chief Executive Officers and senior managers work hard to ensure that team spirit is practiced in their companies for them to achieve their targeted goals and their objectives. In my perspective, the fundamental elements identified by Professor Richard Hackman are the major factors that drive an organization to realize its goals and objectives (Goetsch, 2014). The elements identified by Hackman for any successful team work are: Team should be small and have consistent membership coordination task, hence saving valuable time. Team work should be done too often; organizations should set- up project-based teams which do not require considering the key stages of forming a group. In team work there should be support, like the rewarding the work done by the group members and defining the responsibilities done by the team. Also, in every successful team there should be an assertive and courageous leader who can invoke authority even when the team defies the direction stipulated. The elements stipulated by Hackman are the key elements for a successful team work. For instance, for team to work and perform well in any given organization should be small and have consistent membership to avoid break-up. Also, most organization practiced team work often to boost more output during production. By rewarding the team work members it stimulates morale which makes the workers to work extra hard, hence increased output. Lastly, the leader of the team should be courageous and have a commanding voice to have the workers doing their work more efficiently (Cheruvelil et al., 2014). Other Conditions for a Team to be Successful Commitment and Trust; all members must be fully committed for the organization to achieve its mission and goals. Communication; every effective team should have good open lines of communication. The communication made among the team members should be honest and should also flow equitably. Members should be free to communicate to others about issues as well as personal ideas (Armstrong, 2015). Adaptability: The best-powered team should be adaptable to any changing conditions in the organization. Every member should have the freedom of thinking and creativity. Team members should listen keenly the ideas of other members because this will lead to the generation of new ideas which will lead to the realization of the organizational mission and goals (Carmel et al., 2013). The most vital step to ensure the teams life does not face challenges is to lead a team effectively. One must create leadership among the members. The others are: To consider each employees ideas as valuable and important; every idea and suggestion made by every team member should be respected and taken with great concern. Be keen with the employees unspoken moods; be open to team members and be able to learn their moods. Resolve minor problems; be in a position to settle minor disputes arising from the team members. Be very clear when communicating; set out the clarifications well. Motivate team members to share information (Schjoedt et al., 2013). Ways of Breaking the Group Goals into Subtasks to enable individuals accountability Defining tasks; the first step in working on working on any concrete goal is to divide well and schedule the work. When dividing the goals into subtasks think of the concrete and best steps required to achieve the goals and the missions. Finite Task; most of the goals are finite in nature, and they are required to be broken down into subtasks and put into the schedule until the goal is achieved. On-going Tasks; some of the goals and missions are on-going. Also, even if the task is on-going it can be broken in your schedule on some recurring basis (Schmidt et al., 2016). Power delegation to keep it close Samantha Parks should do the following: Delegate most of the primary tasks to the employees who are more qualified, quick and have knowledge in business. The responsibilities which are less important should be given to the middle- level managers. Those managers feel motivated hence working extra hard. A delegation of tasks helps in generation of good relations between the managers and the employees hence leading to increased out-put (Link et al., 2015). Samantha should ensure that she interferes with the task that requires great care and avoids intervening on those which are of less importance. Also, she should ensure that should at all cede a lot of controls to the executive committees of the creative individual. Besides, Samantha should consider employing executive members who can come with great ideas which can propel the organization forward (Hritier, 2013). In few organizations, it has been noted that most top executives take more responsibilities to maintain their authority. But in some of the organization, the top level management believes in delegation of authority. They tend to delegate the less important tasks to the middle managers who help in the realization of the organizational goal. For an organization to be successful the work should be relevant and delegated properly. This will make the organization achieve their objective (Sekaran, 2016). Tasks that should never be delegated to other employees by the executives. Strategic Vision and Values. The work of the CEO is the development and communication of the broader vision and objectives. Brand Positioning. The manager must understand the target market and the role of the organization in the market. Hiring: The CEO should have the authority to hire many employees in the business firm for it to achieve its target. Firing: since the CEO and managers have the power to hire they also have the power to fire the employees who do not meet the target (Masli et al., 2016). Bibliography list Anis, A, Rehman, IU, Nasir, A, Sawfan, N 2011, Employee Retention Relationship to Training and Development: A Compensation Perspective, African Journal of Business Management. Vol. 5, no. 7, pp. 2679-2685. Armstrong, G, Kotler, P, Harker, M Brennan, R 2015, Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Campbell, B. (Director)., 1995, Golden Eye. MGM Studios. DVD. Carmeli, A, Gelbard, R Reiter?Palmon, R 2013, Leadership, creative problem?solving capacity, and creative performance: The importance of knowledge sharing, Human Resource Management, Vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 95-121. Cheruvelil, KS, Soranno, PA, Weathers, KC, Hanson, PC, Goring, SJ, Filstrup, CT Read, EK 2014. Creating and maintaining high?performing collaborative research teams: the importance of diversity and interpersonal skills, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Vol. 12, no. 1, pp.31-38. Christianity 9 to 5 2013, Ten leadership theories in five minutes, You Tube, 17 August, Viewed 5th October 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XKUPDUDOBVo Goetsch, DL Davis, SB 2014, Quality management for organizational excellence. Pearson: Upper Saddle River, NJ. Hritier, A, Moury, C, Bischoff, CS Bergstrm, CF 2013. Changing Rules of Delegation: A contest for power in Comitology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Link, K Mller, B 2015, Delegating HR work to the line: Emerging tensions and insights from a paradox perspective, German Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 29, no. 3-4, pp. 280-302. Masli, A, Richardson, VJ, Watson, MW Zmud, RW 2016, Senior Executives' IT Management Responsibilities: Serious IT-Related Deficiencies and CEO/CFO Turnover, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 687-708. Schjoedt, L, Monsen, E, Pearson, A, Barnett, T Chrisman, JJ 2013. New venture and family business teams: Understanding team formation, composition, behaviors, and performance, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 37, no. 1, pp.1-15. Schmidt, C 2016. Discussion. In Agile Software Development Teams (pp. 115-124). Springer International Publishing. Sekaran, U Bougie, R 2016. Research methods for business: A skill building approach. John Wiley Sons: Chichester. Wireman, T 2010, Training Programs for Maintenance Organizations, Industrial Press, Inc.: New York, NY. Yukl, G 2010, Leadership in organizations. (7th Ed.). Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River, NJ. Zerfass, A Franke, N 2013. Enabling, advising, supporting, and executing: A theoretical framework for internal communication consulting within organizations. International Journal of Strategic Communication, Vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 118-135.